Change Management

Change management is a structured approach to the change in individuals, teams, organizations and societies that enables the transition from a current state to a desired future state.

The evolution of the change management field stems from psychology, business and engineering. Hence, some models are derived from an organization development perspective whereas others are based on the individual behavioral model. There are two sub-categories of change management Individual Change Management and Organizational Change Management.

Program Management is the process of managing multiple ongoing inter-dependent projects. In an organization or enterprise, Program Management also reflects the emphasis on coordinating and prioritizing resources across projects, departments, and entities to ensure that resource contention is managed from a global focus.

Project Management is the discipline of planning, organizing, and managing resources to bring about the successful completion of specific project goals and objectives. The primary challenge of project management is to achieve all of the project goals and objectives while adhering to classic project constraintsâ??usually scope, quality, time and budget. The secondary - and more ambitious - challenge is to optimize the allocation and integration of inputs necessary to meet pre-defined objectives. A project is a carefully defined set of activities that use resources (money, people, materials, energy, space, provisions, communication, motivation, etc.) to achieve the project goals and objectives.

In addition to the basic training is the need to continue training beyond initial qualifications: to maintain, upgrade and update skills throughout working life. One can generally categorize such training as on-the-job or off-the-job:

On-the-job training takes place in a normal working situation, using the actual tools, equipment, documents or materials that trainees will use when fully trained. On-the-job training has a general reputation as most effective for vocational work.

Off-the-job training takes place away from normal work situations - implying that the employee does not count as a directly productive worker while such training takes place. Off-the-job training has the advantage that it allows people to get away from work and concentrate more thoroughly on the training itself. This type of training has proven more effective in inculcating concepts and ideas.